PBL.sickle cells disease

PBL. SICKLE CELLS DISEASE. A STUDY CASE

Most of the people don´t know what  sickle cells disease, and unfortunatly is one really common disease around the World, specially in England, and with Black origin people, that don´t even know that they have it.

Sickle cells anemia is caused by a mutation that affects the development of haemoglobin (proteín that carries oxygen in the red blood cells).

There are two kinds of the sickle cell:

*sickle cells trait: that only have one copy of the sickle cell and don´t have the disease, but they can pass it to their childrens, and if the couple also have one copy of the cell, their kids will be like this:

*sickle cell disease: that has two copys of the sickle cell and do have the disease. Because of this the disease will be passed to their kids.

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Diana Chijona Cicero  _{SICKLE CELLS DISEASE,A STUDY CASE.} 17.septiembre.2010

The objective of the study of this disease is to prevent the transmition of the disiese to further generations.

The sciences that are being used will be:

*biology. Will manege the DNA, RNA, etc. and it will control and Spread the ways to control the desease.

*chemestry. It will look for the composition of the thing in order to find a cure or a way to control sickle cells

*computer science. It will inform people the ways to know what to do or how to know that they might have the disease

*sociology. It will alow people to try to help their family and friends so this disease will be one day fight against this.

Haemoglobin is a proteín thar carries oxygen into the red blood cells. The process where haemoglobin pulls in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide is known as oxygenation, when haemoglobin pulls in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen is known as deoxygenation. When the haemoglobin molecules are healthy move and rearenge themselves around the body because of the deoxygenation; but people with sickle cells anemia won´t have this process because the haemoglobin molecules won´t move and the will remain the same without making any structure and staying in a solid structure. This will afect the transmiton of oxygen to the red blood cells and  they will clump, so they will die. That clumping will caused sintoms such as tiredness and breathlessness.

The consecuations are multiple but there are a few that can be indentified so people would know they can have the disease:

*pain

*stroke

*red blood cells droping

*serious and frecuent infections

*Chest síndrome

*depression

*vision problems

There is not a cure yet for the sickle cells anemia, but there are treatments and prevention. Lots of people are working to prevent the transmition of the disease because it can be really bad for people who have it.

People have the option to have a bone marrow transplant, unfortonaly it can only be doned by a sibling who doesn´t have the disease and have the same bone marrow type. Only a few people can find a doner.there are lots of treatments and alternatives, but not everyone use them because some of the people have severe pain aswell as some have a normal life without bodering about it.

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Because of the advances people are stimated t olive until 60 years old. And not everything is bad about the condition because this prevents malaria to affect them aswell because the parasites that cause this disease are killed inside sickle-shaped blood cells.